tarnish

?? 發(fā)布時間：2026-07-01 20:16:51

英 ['tɑ?n??] 美['tɑrn??]

n. 晦暗，無光澤；污點
vt. 玷污；使……失去光澤；使……變灰暗
vi. 失去光澤；被玷污；變灰暗

IELTS低頻詞TEM8GRETOEFL擴展詞匯

詞態(tài)變化

復(fù)數(shù):?tarnishes;第三人稱單數(shù):?tarnishes;過去式:?tarnished;過去分詞:?tarnished;現(xiàn)在分詞:?tarnishing;

助記提示

1. dark => dern "concealed, hidden, secret, dark" (dark 與 dern 同源) => tern- => tarn- + -ish.
2. => dull the luster or brightness of, make dim.
3. 讀：踏你屎，用光澤的腳踏你的屎以后，鞋失去光澤。

中文詞源

tarnish 暗淡，使失去光澤，玷污，敗壞

來自古法語 ternir,使暗淡，黯淡，來自 Proto-Germanic*darnijana,隱藏，來自 PIE*dher,固定，握住，保護，詞源同 darn,firm.引申諸相關(guān)詞義。

英文詞源

tarnish (v.): mid-15c. (transitive), from present participle stem of Middle French ternir "dull the luster or brightness of, make dim" (15c.), probably from Old French terne (adj.) "dull, dark," which according to Diez is from a Germanic source cognate with Old High German tarnjan "to conceal, hide," Old English dyrnan "to hide, darken," from Proto-Germanic *darnjaz (see dern), but there are difficulties of form, sense, and date. Intransitive sense from 1670s. Figurative sense is from 1690s. Related: Tarnished; tarnishing.
tarnish (n.): 1713, from tarnish (v.).

雙語例句

1. The tarnish lay thick on the inside of the ring.: 戒指內(nèi)側(cè)有一層厚厚的銹斑。

2. Moisture leads to the tarnish of the silverware.: 濕氣使得銀器毫無光澤.

3. Wear cotton gloves when cleaning silver, because the acid in your skin can tarnish the metal.: 清潔銀器時要戴上棉手套，因為你皮膚里的酸性物質(zhì)會使它失去光澤。

4. The affair could tarnish the reputation of the prime minister.: 這一事件可能有損首相的名譽。